Inverted high-power gas-lamp.



. MAYER.

H siissMANN &M

INVERTED HIGH POWER GAS LAMP-.

APPLICATION FILED 11017.26 1909.

Patented July 15, 1913.

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IN VE IV T035 hE/lV/P /CH six/MANN MAX MA r51? B y WW E g! m gWITNESSES:

A TTOR/VEYS COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0,,WASHINU'IUA, u. c.

H. STI SSMANN & MQMAYER.

INVERTED HIGH POWER GAS LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.26. 1909. 1,067,560, Patented July 15, 1913.

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I I 3 h WITNESSES M/VENTORS HEl/Vfi/ CH sJssMA/m MAX A/MI/EA A TTORN EY8 %QMW COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co.. WASHINGTON, u. c.

H. sfissMANN & M. MAYER. INVER'IIBD HIGH POWER GAS LAMP.

APPLIUATION FILED NOV. 26, 1909.

Patented July 15, 1913.

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N M m muw Ms E WM R w E H WITNESSES MAX M4 146/? By A TTOR/VEVS UNITEDSTATES ,PATET FTQE.

HEINRICH S'U'SSMANN AND MAX MAYER, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS TO THEFIRM OF DEU'ISCHE GASGLIl'I-ILICHT AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, OF BERLIN, GER-MANY.

INVERTED HIGH-POWER GAS-LAMP.

T 0 all whomit may concern Be it known that we, HEINRICH StissMANN andl\L-\X MAYER, both subjects of the Emperor of Germany, and residents ofBerlin, Germany, have jointly invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Inverted High- Power Gas-Lamps, of which the followingis a specification.

In some constructions of inverted high power incandescent gas lampsworked by compressed gas or compressed air the primary or secondary airhas been preheated by means of escaping combustion gases. In doing thisthe secondary air generally is conducted to the flame above the frame ofthe globe.

This invention relates to an inverted high power incandescent gas lampfor gas fed thereto under pressure, either by increasing the pressure ofthe gas itself or by means of compressed air in which secondary air issubstantially absent, the entering of secondary air above the frame ofthe globe is avoided and the primary air is preheated up to the highestpossible temperature on the outside of the chimney. For this purpose thecombustion chamber is separated from the outer air above the frame ofthe globe and the dimensions of the chimney in each particular instanceare such as to allow only for the passing therethrough of the combustiongases, without, however, producing any appreciable suction eflect. Bythis arrangement we obtain the highest possible temperature of the flameand a maximum of lighting power without any tendency on the part of thelamp to produce a sound such as is observed with all former highpressure gas lamps.

In the annexed drawings we have shown several examples of the invention.

Figures 1 and 2 are respectively a vertical and a horizontal sectionthrough a oneburner lamp embodying our improvements; Figs. 3 and at arerespectively a vertical and a horizontal section through a two-lightlamp; and Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively a vertical and a horizontalsection through a one-light lamp in which, as distinguished from Figs. 1and 2, the pat-h of the primary air is lengthened so as to betterpreheat such air.

The combustion chamber of the lamp shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is separatedfrom the outer air at the bottom and on the sides Specification ofLetters Patent.

Application filed November 26, 1909.

Patented July 15, 1913.

Serial No. 530,032.

means of the globe a and toward the top by means of the reflector i, sothat the lamp in operation does not allow any secondary air to reach theflame and the chimney s only serves for the escape of the combustiongases and is so proportioned as to allow the said combustion gases toescape substantially without producing any suction. There is thereforeno tendency to draw secondary air into the lamp through any openings orapertures which may exist therein. The primary air rises on the outsideof the chimney sbetween the latter and the sleeve as shown by thearrows, is highly preheated during its passage along the sides of thechimneys and enters into the mixing pipe 7) where it mingles with thegas escaping from the nipple (Z, the mixture then passing to the burnerthrough the burner tube at arranged within the chimney s. The sides ofthe chimney s are corrugated so as to secure a maximum heating effect. Acasing it forms an inclosed body of stagnant air around the sleeve 9.

Figs. 3 and 4 show a two-light lamp in which the outlet chimney s isformed oval, in order to render the section proportionate to the gasconsumption and to provide for the escape of the combustion productssubstantially without suction as described above. The chimney s isprovided with the inside ribs 7 and the outside ribs 0 to increase theheating surface. The primary air rises along the ribs 0 and is conductedthrough the tubes 2) to the gas escaping from the nipples (Z. Thecombustion chamber is closed laterally by the globe a and on the top bythe reflector Z. The globe may be provided at the bottom with a smallhole 6 which offers an escape to any products of condensation and allowsthe lamp to be lighted from below without touching it. It is advisableto cover this hole while the lamp is burning, with a small ball which isplaced in the globe as shown in dotted lines in the drawings, althoughthis is not absolutely necessary as, even if left open, this hole willhave but little influence on the light efliciency of the lamp. Thesleeve g may be surrounded by a casing 71 to create between them a spacewith stagnant air so as to reduce radiation.

Figs. 5 and 6 show a one-light lamp differing from the one representedin Figs. 1 and 2 by the use of a chimney s with inside ribs r andoutside ribs 0 and also by the fact that the primary air is caused totravel through a longer path, being admitted at the top of a casing iwhich surrounds the sleeve 9 the air first passing down within thecasing i and then up within the sleeve g to reach the gas nipple (Z.

The construction may be variously changed in its details, withoutdeparting from the principle of the invention. For instance, the form ofthe outlet chimney may be altered. The invention is further notrestricted to any particular number of lights, and the lamp may beprovided With one, two or more burners. In order to increase the heatingof the primary air and to reduce as far as possible the radiation to theoutside, the outside casing may be provided with a heat insulatingmaterial on the inside or outside or both, or the casing itself mayconsist of such material.

lVe desire to emphasize the fact that in our lamp the gas is not highlyheated before it is mixed with air, since the gas tube in each caseleads direct to the nipple (Z placed near the top of the lamp, so thatonly a very short portion of the gas tube is exposed to the heat of thecombustion gases. Our reason for avoiding high heating of the gas aloneis that such procedure would result in a decomposition of the gas and adeposition of carbon, which would clog up the tube and nipple. A mixtureof gas and air may however be highly heated without danger of the gasbeing decomposed, and even if free carbon should be formed momentarily,this will at once be oxidized to a gaseous state by the oxygen of theair. Another important feature of our invention is the heating of onlythe primary air, by causing it to pass along the outer wall of thechimney, and the practical absence of secondary air, in any event, theupper edge of the globe a is tightly sealed, so that no secondary aircan enter there, and if any secondary air is supplied at all, such airwill come through the small opening b at the bottom of the globe andwill have practically no influence on the operation of the lamp.

In all the forms of our improved lamp a maximum amount of air is mixedwith the gas before said gas reaches the flame thus providing a lamp ofvery high efficiency. As the mixture of gas and air above referred to ishighly explosive it is necessary in order to overcome the tendency toexplode and consequent back fire or flare back, to have the mixture ofgas and air enter the Bunsen burner at high speed or under pressure.This result may be obtained by increasing the pressure of the gas abovethe usual pressure in the gas pipes leading to the nipples, so that thegas will leave said nipples at a high speed or it may be effected byhaving the gas supplied at the usual pressure and forcing a stream ofair through the gas pipes and nipples along with said gas. In eithercase the necessary pressure may be obtained by means of any suitablemechanism connected with the usual gas pipes so as to supply the gas tothe burner tube at high speed.

We claim as our invention:

An inverted high pressure gas lamp comprising a chimney for the escapeof the combustion products, a globe attached at the bottom end of thechimney and closed for substantially preventing the entrance ofsecondary air, a burner tube extending downwardly within the chimney, arelatively large head closely surrounding said burner tube at the nozzlethereof, an incandescent mantle the upper edge of which closely embracesthe said head for forcing the combustion products of the flame to gothrough the incandescent mantle, the casing sur-.

rounding the chimney and spaced therefrom to form a chamber adjacent tothe chimney provided with air openings at the bottom edge of saidcasing, channels at the upper end of said casing adapted forcommunication with. the burner tube whereby the supply of primary air iscaused to travel along the outside of the chimney and to be admixed in ahighly heated condition with the gas at the upper end of the burner.

Dated the 1st day of November, 1909.

HEINRICH s't'issMANN. MAX MAYER.

lVitnesses HENRY HAsPEu, \VOLDEMAR HAUrr.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

